Computer Grapics

Introduction:
Today all person know about graphics thay is used in real life. But graphics technology how can work we understand about typical things that use by computer graphics.
The graphics technology used to represent your view or idea in pictorial format so that easy
to understand but how can we implement graphics device. These all are we study under the computer
grapics topic.
Many computer application packages that used to design graphics as print,Auto CAD,Maya,Photoshop
etc. How can they design the graphics or image we study all things.
Basically computer graphics devided into three branches as:
1. Generative computer graphics
2. Image processing
3. Image analysis
Image is any design first of process using image processing branch then implemented on the
device using generative computer graphics branch. Same as image analysis used to implemented
every things else. Graphics or image that we can design or made on the two plans 2D or 3D.
2 Dimentional graphics plane have only x and y direction where as 3Dimentional graphics plane
has x,y and z direction.

Application Area of the computer graphics : -
today computer graphics used in a each and every field some of the major application areas these mansion below:

1. Building Design and constraction :
Computer graphics are very useful to making the design of a building and can easily made by a
Architects. Architects make different type of design of a building and can show different views of the
building that are useful to convance the customer. Also modify according to user or constructor
requirment.

2. Circuit Designing :
Today many companies are used computer to make a different type of electronic circuit and check
it functionality,performance,durability according to used electronic equipments, take the print out on hard copy that used to manufacturing of the electronic device.

3. Mechanical drawing :
We know that mechanical are very complex arrangement of mechanical part. At the present time computer are used to drawing a typical machine parts and its alingment before manufacturing the machanical part engineer fully satisfy with the design part using instruction, implimentations,on the computer. The all machanical drawing application are called CAD programs that means computer aided design.

4. Presentation graphics area :
Another major application presentation that used to illustrate the report by the graphical presentation using slide or projector or computer slides. Presentation graphics commanly used to summarize the financial,mathematical,statistical,scientific economic
observation,voting,choices data for research report using attraction graphics image as charts,tables,etc.

5. Computer Art :
Computer graphics methods are commanly used to create attractive and commercial computer arts as an example designing of any texture using with different color arrengement and implies on the cloth that make a new
style of wearing cloth. Many type of designing devices are used to create attractive art as light pen style,mouse,digitizer,graphices table etc. and many packages are used to create different type image as photoshop,coral
draw,desktop publishing and animation packages etc.

6. Entertainment, animation and games :
Computer are used to making cartonds,animation films,special effects introduced in the movies. Carton films as tom and jerry etc. Animated films as hanuman,krishna etc.
Computer commanly used as entertaining device for playing the animated games that do the entertain and increase the knowledege of childs about the specific game such as chess, cricket,cards etc.

7. Aerospace industry :
Aircraft designer are used computer to design a aeroplane using the measurement of the wings,seating capacity maximum safe height. It is design by super computer as CRAY, or ETA etc.

8. Medical Application :
Today Doctors are mostly used the computer based devices for beter treatment of the patient because computerise information more accurate and used to find out direct any desease on the basis of symptoms. Mostly Medical Report are generated in the form of graphics using computerise devices as Ct-scan,CAT,MRI,ECG,DNA TEST,micro testing,sonography,endoscopy etc.

9. Cartography :
Computer graphics is used to produced the accurate maps of the geographical structure, nature phenomena, Density map,mine map,weather map, population map, country map, ocean map etc.

10. Scientific uses :
Super computer are used to as scientific uses such as weather forecasting, earthquake measurement, space shuttle crafting satellite launching etc.

Most Important Place Badrinath for This Summer Vacation

Geography

Badrinath , peak, 23,210 ft (7,074 m) high, in the central axis of the Himalayas, Uttaranchal state, N India. The peak has several
glaciers. At a height of c.10,000 ft (3,050 m), is an 9th-century monastery and a temple to the Hindu god Shiva, a popular pilgrimage
center built by the great Indian scholar and teacher Sjavascript:void(0)hankara.


About Badrinath Dham

One of the most celebrated pilgrim spots in the country, it plays host to the famous
Badrinath Temple. Legend has it that Lord Vishnu came to the area, called ‘Badri Van’"Badrinath
Dham” Guarded on either side by the two mountains Nar and Narayan, the Neelkanth Peak provides
a splendid backdrop to Badrinath, one of the ‘Four Dhams’. One of the most celebrated pilgrim
spots in the country, it plays host to the famous Badrinath Temple.

The Garhwal Himalayas has some of the most beautiful scenery in the world . Snow capped
peaks,misty mountains, green valleys, gushing rivers,(deodar) forests, grassy slopes, abundant
flowers and an amazing array of birds and butterflies all of which combine to make this place one
of the most charming spots on this planet. It is also one of the holiest places on earth.

The most important ones amongst these are Kubera, the God of Wealth,and Ganesha, the God of Wisdom and Prosperity.
Within the temple complex is an another shrine dedicated to Laksmi,the Goddess of Fortune. This
shrine is situated to the left of the main temple building. The front portion is painted in red.
Outside the exit door of the Badrinath Temple is the seating place of Shankaracharya,who meditated
here. The temple remains closed during winter.


History of Badrinath Temple

The Badrinath Temple is dedicated to Vishnu (Preserver in the Hindu Trinity of Creator-
Preserver-Destroyer). The presiding deity of the temple is Badrinath(another form of Vishnu),
also called Badri Vishal or Badrinarayan. Shankaracharya is believed to have installed the deity
inside the shrine after it was thrown into the Narada Kunda (a hot water spring near the temple)
in the days of Buddhist ascendancy.

Badrinath is depicted sitting in the padmasana (‘lotus posture’),in which the feet are
placed on opposite thighs. He is surrounded by a host of gods.


Place to visit in Badrinath

Bhavishya Badri : The temple of Bhavishya Badri is at an elevation 3641 m, and is surrounded
by dense forests. It is located at Subain near Tapovan, about 17 km east of Joshimath on Joshimath-
Lata Malari route. Pilgrims have to trek beyond Tapovan, up the Dhauliganga river.

Narad Kund : A recess in the river, near Tapt Kund, forming a pool from where the Badrinath
idol was recovered.

Charanpaduka : 3 km away is a beautiful meadow carpeted with wild flowers in the summer.Here is a
boulder bearing the footprints of Lord Vishnu. It is said that when Lord Vishnu descended from
Vaikunth (the heavenly abode of Lord Vishnu) he stepped on this boulder.The area is a steep climb
from the town and is full of caves & boulders


Pilgrimage:

Located only a few kilometers from the Indo-China (Tibet) border, Badrinath is generally
a two-day-long journey from either Kedarnath, the site that precedes it in the Char Dham circuit,
or one of the main disembarkation points on the plains. Hemkund Sahib, an important Sikh pilgrimage site, is on the way to Badrinath, so the road is especially crowded during the
summer pilgrimage season.

Making Financial Year Function In SQL Server

Hi,

Many times we required to add financial year with our invoice or po number to make it suitable for client as like PO/2011-12/04/001  here 2011-12 is current financial year. For this purpose we should make a function for getting current financial year, which can be used in insert update or select statement.

Here is a function which returns financial year as varchar for the given datetime or we can use getdate() function for getting current date financial year.


CREATE FUNCTION [dbo].[FinencialYear]
(@Date DATETIME)
RETURNS VARCHAR(7) AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @RetVal varchar(7)
Declare @Month int
Declare @Year int
Select @Month=Month(@Date)
Select @Year=Year(@Date)
-- Assuming that the financial year is starting from april
if @Month>3
 Begin
Set @RetVal=cast(@Year As varchar(10))+'-'+cast(right('0' + rtrim(@Year+1),2) as varchar(2))
End
Else
Begin
Set @RetVal=cast(@Year-1 as varchar(10))+'-'+cast(right('0' + rtrim(@Year),2) as varchar(2));
End
Return @RetVal
End

We can use this function as ordinary function as Select dbo.FinencialYear(getdate()) or replace getdate() with any date for which you want to get financial year.

Thanks..

Command Object And Methods Provided By Command Object

They are used to connect object to Datareader or dataset .Following are the methods provided by command object :-

1. EcecuteNonQuery :- Executes the command defined in the CommandText property against the connection defined in the Connection property for a query that does not return any row (an UPDATE, DELETE or INSERT). Returns an integer value indicating the number of rows affected by the query.


2. ExecuteReader :- Executes the command which is defined in the CommandText property against the connection defined in the Connection property. Returns a "reader" object which is connected to the resulting rowset within the database, allowing the rows to be retrieved.


3. ExecuteScalar :- Executes the command which is defined in the CommandText property against the connection defined in the Connection property. Returns only a single value (effectively the first column of the first row of the resulting rowset) any other returned columns and rows are discarded. It is fast and efficient when only a single value is required.

What Is The Difference Between Server.Transfer And Response.Redirect

Following are the major difference between them :-

1. Response.Redirect sends a message to the browser saying it to move to some different page, while Server.Transfer does not send message to the browser but rather redirects the user directly from the server itself. So in Server.Transfer there is no round trip while Response.Redirect has a round trip and hence puts a load on server.

2. Using Server.Transfer you can't redirect to a different from the server itself ie within website. The cross server redirect is possible only using Response.Redirect.

3. With Server.Transfer you can preserve your information.It has a parameter called as "preserveForm". So the existing query string etc. will be able in the calling page. In Response.Redirect you can maintain the state, but has lot of drawbacks.

If you are navigating within the same website use "Server.Transfer" or else go for "Response.Redirect"

Thanks..

What Is Three Tier Architecture

The three tier architecture of software emerged in the 1990s to overcome the limitation of the two tier architecture.

Thre are three layers when we talk about three tire architecture:-

User Interface (Client) :- This is mostly the windows uer interface or the web interface but this has only UI part.

Mid Layer :- Middle tier (Layer) provides process management where business logic and rules are executed and can accommodate hundreds of users ( as Compared to only 100 users with the two tier architecture) by providing functions such as queuing, application execution, and database staging.

Data Access Layer :- This is also called by famous acronym "DAL" component. It has mainly the SQL statements which do the database operation part of the job.

The three tier architecture is used when an effective distribution client/server designed is needed that provides (when compared to the two tier) increased performance, flexibility, maintainability, reusability, and scalability, while hiding the complexity of distributed processing from the user.


Thanks.

Top 10 Sites for Save Video From youtube For Free

Top 10 Sites for Save Video From youtube For Free

Hi,

YouTube is the largest video sharing website in this world, where anyone can upload videos. Sometimes a user may want to download any video but YouTube as like upload does not provides an easy way to download videos, So here is a top 10 list which enables user to download any video from you tube.By the help of these sites anyone can download  any video uploaded by others.

Some of these sites required java installed in your computer, if not they provide download links for java by installing java anyone can download any video from you tube for free & online no need to install any software for download.


1. http://www.savevideodownload.com/download.php

2. http://saveyoutube.com/

3. http://keepvid.com/

4. http://keep-tube.com/

5. http://catchvideo.net/

6. http://www.savevid.com/

7. http://www.download-youtube.com/

8. http://www.downloadyoutubevideos.com/

9. http://www.forinside.com/

10. http://www.youconvertit.com/OnlineVideo.aspx


Thanks.

Software Maintenance

Software Maintenance

The term “software maintenance” is used to describe the software engineering activities that occur following delivery of a software product to the client. The maintenance phase of software life-cycle is the time period in which a software product performs useful work.

Maintenance activity involves making enhancements to software products, adapting products to new environments, and correcting problem.

Software product enhancement may involve providing new functional capabilities, improving user displays and modes of interaction, upgrading external documents and internal documentation, or upgrading the performance characteristics of a system.

Adaptation of application to a new environment may involve moving the software to a different server. Problem correction involves modification and revalidation of software to correct errors.

The maintenance phase focuses on changes that are associated with error correction, software’s environment and enhancements due to changing customer requirements.

The maintenance phase reapplies the definition and development phases, but in the context of existing software one comes across four types of changes during the maintenance phase:



1. Correction - Even with the best quality assurance activities, customer may uncover defects in the application. Corrective maintenance corrects defects in the application.

2. Adaptation - Many times the original environment (e.g., Server, Operating system, Business rules, External product characteristics) of application may change. Adaptive maintenance modifies the application to allow changes in external environment.

3. Enhancement - As application is used, the customer/user may desire more functions that will be beneficial. Perfective maintenance extends any software beyond its original functional requirements.

4. Prevention¬ - Computer software deteriorates due to change, and so preventive maintenance, called software reengineering, conducted to enable the software to serve the needs of its end users. Basically, preventive maintenance makes changes to computer programs so that they can be more easily corrected, adaptive, and enhanced.


Thanks..

What is the namespace in which .NET has the data functionality classes ?

Following are the namespaces provided by .Net for data management

System.Data : This contains the basic objects which can be used for accessing and storing relational data, such as DataSet, DataTable, and DataRelation. Each of these are independent of the type of data source and the way we connect to it.

System.Data.OleDB : It contains the objects which can be used to connect to a data source via an OLE-DB provider, such as OleDbConnection, OleDbCommand , etc. These objects are inherited from the common base classes, and so have the same properties, methods, and events as the SqlClient equivalents.

System.Data.SqlClient : This contains the objects which can be used to connect to a data source via the Tabular Data Stream (TDS) interface of Microsoft Sql Server (only). This can generally provide better performance as this removes some of the intermediate layers required by an OLE-DB connection.

System.XML : This Contains the basic objects which are required to create, read, store, write, and manipulate XML documents according to W3C recommendations.


Thanks..

What Is A Assembly & Type of It In .Net

What Is A Assembly & Type of It In .Net

What Is A Assembly

1. Assembly is a unit of deployment like EXE or a DLL.

2. An Assembly consists of one or more files(dlls,exe's) and represents a group of resources,
type definition, and implementation of those types. An assembly may also contain references
to other assemblies. These resources, types and references are described in a block of data
called a manifest.

3. An assembly is a completely self-describing. An assembly contains metadata information,
which is used by the CLR for everything from type checking and security to actually invoking
the components methods.

4. Multiple versions can be deployed side by side in different folders. These different versions
can execute at the same time without interfering with each other.Assemblies can be
private or shared.

Different types of Assemblies

There are two types of assemby Private and Public assembly. A private assembly is normally
used by a single application, and is stored in the application's directory, or a sub-directory 
beneath. A shared assembly is normally stored in the global assembly cache, which is a
repository of assemblies maintained ny the .NET runtime. Shared assemblies are usually
libraries of code which many applications will find useful, e.g. Crystal report classes which 
will be used by all application for Reports

Thanks..

50 Common Interview Questions and Answers :

Review these typical interview questions and think about how you would answer them. Read the questions listed; you can also find some tactic suggestions with it.

1. Tell me about yourself:

The most often asked question in interviews. You need to have a short statement prepared in your mind. Be careful that it does not sound rehearsed. Limit it to work-related items unless instructed otherwise. Talk about things you have done and jobs you have held that relate to the position you are interviewing for. Start with the item farthest back and work up to the present.

2. Why did you leave your last job?

Stay positive regardless of the circumstances. Never refer to a major problem with management and never speak ill of supervisors, co- workers or the organization. If you do, you will be the one looking bad. Keep smiling and talk about leaving for a positive reason such as an opportunity, a chance to do something special or other forward- looking reasons.

3. What experience do you have in this field?

Speak about specifics that relate to the position you are applying for. If you do not have specific experience, get as close as you can.

4. Do you consider yourself successful?

You should always answer yes and briefly explain why. A good explanation is that you have set goals, and you have met some and are on track to achieve the others.

5. What do co-workers say about you?

Be prepared with a quote or two from co-workers. Either a specific statement or a paraphrase will work. Jill Clark, a co-worker at Smith Company, always said I was the hardest workers she had ever known. It is as powerful as Jill having said it at the interview herself.

6. What do you know about this organization?

This question is one reason to do some research on the organization before the interview. Find out where they have been and where they are going. What are the current issues and who are the major players?

7. What have you done to improve your knowledge in the last year?

Try to include improvement activities that relate to the job. A wide range of activities can be mentioned as helpful self-improvement. Have some good ones handy to mention.

8. Are you applying for other jobs?

Be honest but do not spend a lot of time in this area. Keep the focus on this job and what you can do for this organization. Anything else is a distraction.

9. Why do you want to work for this organization?

This may take some thought and certainly, should be based on the research you have done on the organization. Sincerity is extremely important here and will easily be sensed. Relate it to your long-term career goals.

10. Do you know anyone who works for us?

Be alert of the policy on relations working for the organization. This can affect your answer even though they asked about friends not relatives. Be careful to mention a friend only if they are well thought of.

11. What kind of salary do you need?

A loaded question. A nasty little game that you will probably lose if you answer first. So, do not answer it. Instead, say something like, That's a tough question. Can you tell me the range for this position? In most cases, the interviewer, taken off guard, will tell you. If not, say that it can depend on the details of the job. Then give a wide range.

12. Are you a team player?

You are, of course, a team player. Be sure to have examples ready. Specifics that show you often perform for the good of the team rather than for yourself are good evidence of your team attitude. Do not brag, just say it in a matter-of-fact tone. This is a key point.

13. How long would you expect to work for us if hired?

Specifics here are not good. Something like this should work: I'd like it to be a long time. Or As long as we both feel I'm doing a good job.

14. Have you ever had to fire anyone? How did you feel about that?

This is serious. Do not make light of it or in any way seem like you like to fire people. At the same time, you will do it when it is the right thing to do. When it comes to the organization opposed to the person who has created a harmful situation, you will protect the organization. Remember firing is not the same as layoff or reduction in force. 

15. What is your philosophy towards work?

The interviewer is not looking for a lengthy or florid thesis here. Do you have strong feelings that the job gets done? Yes. That's the type of answer that works best here. Short and positive, showing a benefit to the organization.

16. If you had enough money to retire right now, would you?

Answer yes if you would. But since you need to work, this is the type of work you prefer. Do not say yes if you do not mean it.

17. Have you ever been asked to leave a position?

If you have not, say no. If you have, be honest, brief and avoid saying negative things about the people or organization involved.

18. Explain how you would be an asset to this organization.

You should be anxious for this question. It gives you a chance to highlight your best points as they relate to the position being discussed. Give a little advance thought to this relationship.

19. Why should we hire you?

Point out how your assets meet what the organization needs. Do not mention any other candidates to make a comparison.

20. Tell me about a suggestion you have made.

Have a good one ready. Be sure and use a idea that was conventional and was then considered successful. One related to the type of work applied for is a real plus.

21. What irritates you about co-workers?

This is a trap question. Think real hard but fail to come up with anything that irritates you. A short statement that you seem to get along with folks is great.

22. What is your greatest strength?

Numerous answers are good, just stay positive. A few good example: Your skill to prioritize, Your problem-solving skills, Your ability to work under pressure, Your ability to focus on projects, Your professional expertise, Your leadership skills, Your positive attitude

23. Tell me about your dream job.

Stay away from a specific job. You cannot win. If you say the job you are contending for is it, you strain credibility. If you say another job is it, you plant the suspicion that you will be dissatisfied with this position if hired. The best is to stay genetic and say something like: A job where I love the work, like the people, can contribute and can't wait to get to work.

24. Why do you think you would do well at this job?

Give more than a few reasons and include skills, experience and interest.

25. What are you looking for in a job?

See answer # 23

26. What kind of person would you refuse to work with?

Do not be trivial. It would take unfaithfulness to the organization, violence or lawbreaking to get you to object. Minor objections will label you as a whiner. 

27. What is more important to you: the money or the work?

Money is always important, but the work is the most important. There is no better answer.

28. What would your previous supervisor say your strongest point is?

There are numerous good possibilities: 

Loyalty, Energy, Positive attitude, Leadership, Team player, Expertise, Initiative, Patience, Hard work, Creativity, Problem solver

29. Tell me about a problem you had with a supervisor.

Biggest trap of all. This is a test to see if you will speak ill of your boss. If you fall for it and tell about a problem with a former boss, you may well below the interview right there. Stay positive and develop a poor memory about any trouble with a supervisor.

30. What has disappointed you about a job?

Don't get trivial or negative. Safe areas are few but can include:
Not enough of a challenge. You were laid off in a reduction Company did not win a contract, which would have given you more responsibility.

31. Tell me about your ability to work under pressure.

You may say that you thrive under certain types of pressure. Give an example that relates to the type of position applied for.

32. Do your skills match this job or another job more closely?

Probably this one. Do not give fuel to the suspicion that you may want another job more than this one.

33. What motivates you to do your best on the job?

This is a personal trait that only you can say, but good examples are: Challenge, Achievement and Recognition.

34. Are you willing to work overtime? Nights? Weekends?

This is up to you. Be totally honest.

35. How would you know you were successful on this job?

Several ways are good measures:

You set high standards for yourself and meet them. Your outcomes are a success.Your boss tell you that you are successful

36. Would you be willing to relocate if required?

You should be clear on this with your family prior to the interview if you think there is a chance it may come up. Do not say yes just to get the job if the real answer is no. This can create a lot of problems later on in your career. Be honest at this point and save yourself uture grief.

37. Are you willing to put the interests of the organization ahead of your own?

This is a straight loyalty and dedication question. Do not worry about the bottomless moral and thoughtful implication. Just say yes.

38. Describe your management style.

Try to avoid labels. Some of the more common labels, like progressive, salesman or consensus, can have several meanings or descriptions depending on which management expert you listen to. The situational style is safe, because it says you will manage according to the situation, instead of one size fits all.

39. What have you learned from mistakes on the job?

Here you have to come up with something or you strain credibility. Make it small, well intentioned slip-up with a positive lesson well-read. An example would be working too far ahead of colleagues on a project and thus throwing coordination off.

40. Do you have any blind spots?

Trick question. If you know about blind spots, they are no longer blind spots. Do not reveal any personal areas of concern here. Let them do their own discovery on your bad points. Do not hand it to them.

41. If you were hiring a person for this job, what would you look for?

Be careful to mention traits that are needed and that you have.
42. Do you think you are overqualified for this position?

Regardless of your qualifications, state that you are very well qualified for the position.
43. How do you propose to compensate for your lack of experience?

First, if you have experience that the interviewer does not know about, bring that up: Then, point out (if true) that you are a hard working quick learner.
44. What qualities do you look for in a boss?

Be generic and positive. Safe qualities are knowledgeable, a sense of humor, fair, loyal to subordinates and holder of high standards. All bosses think they have these traits.

45. Tell me about a time when you helped resolve a dispute between others.

Pick a specific incident. Focus on your problem solving technique and not the dispute you complete.

46. What position do you prefer on a team working on a project?

Be honest. If you are comfortable in different roles, point that out.

47. Describe your work ethic.

Emphasize benefits to the organization. Things like, determination to get the job done and work hard but enjoy your work are good.

48. What has been your biggest professional disappointment?

Be sure that you refer to something that was beyond your control. Show acceptance and no negative feelings.

49. Tell me about the most fun you have had on the job.

Talk about having fun by accomplish a little for the association.

50. Do you have any questions for me?

Always have some questions prepared. Questions prepared where you will be an asset to the organization are good. How soon will I be able to be productive? and What type of projects will I be able to assist on? are examples.

And Finally Good Luck by www.gurukulsoftwares.com

The Elements of .NET

Defining the Basic Elements of .NET

.NET is infused into the products that make up the Microsoft platform, providing the ability to quickly and reliably build, host, deploy, and utilize connected solutions using Web services, all with the protection of industry-standard security technologies.

Smart Clients 

"Smart" client application software and operating systems enable PCs and other smart computing devices to act on Web services, allowing anywhere, anytime access to information.

Smart Clients: Combining the Power of the PC with the Reach of the Web

Today, most businesspeople work on PCs that provide access to information, applications, and resources far beyond the boundaries of their local machine. There are limits, however. Some computing tasks require robust functionality that can only be provided efficiently by "rich" client applications that reside on the local computer. A challenge arises when your organization requires both the flexibility and immediacy that comes with online access to data and applications, and the full functionality of traditional client software. The answer: smart client software.

Web Services are the Foundation of Smart Client Applications:

The starting point for understanding smart client software is Web services They help businesses overcome a number of critical issues. Web services are the magic behind smart client software. Web services enable desktop applications to more easily exchange information with server-based applications. Web service can minimize the time-consuming and error prone process of cutting and pasting data between application.

Smart client software can be deployed from a centralized Web server. Once deployed, smart client/customer software application can automatically update themselves to the latest version of software that resides on the centralized server.

Supports working with offline:

With smart client technology, users can work with data even when they are not connected to the Internet or the network that hosts the Web service. Because all or part of the application logic sits on the local computer, smart clients can deliver useful functionality even while offline.

Smart Client applications can be tailored to run on a range of devices, including personal digital assistants (PDAs) and mobile phones. This new technology enables software designed for larger systems to run on smaller devices.

Smart Clients in Action:

Using a Smart Client application, an insurance agent in the field who doesn't have Internet access can enter data directly into a line-of-business application on a laptop computer. When she returns to the office and connects her laptop to the Internet, she can upload that data directly to the corporate database. Because the Smart Client application is based on a Web service, data can move between the corporate and field systems even if they are built on different platforms or with different languages.

Web Services

• Web services allow applications to share data.

• Web services are discrete units of code; each handles a limited set of tasks.

• They are based on XML, the universal language of Internet data exchange, and can be called across platforms and operating systems, regardless of programming language.

Web services are reusable pieces of software that interact programmatically over the network through industry recognized standards (XML and SOAP). Web services can be combined with each other and other applications to build intelligent interactive .NET experiences.

What's the difference between a Web service and a website?

Unlike websites, which are pictures of data designed to be viewed in a browser by a person, a Web service is designed to be accessed directly by another service or software application.

Web Services: A Universal Language

Web services let applications share data, and—more powerfully—invoke capabilities from other applications without regard to how those applications were built, what operating system or platform they run on, and what devices are used to access them. Although Web services remain independent of each other, they can loosely link themselves into a collaborating group that performs a particular task.

Web services also make it possible for developers to choose between building all pieces of their applications, or consuming (using) Web services created by others. This means that an individual company doesn't have to supply every piece for a complete solution.

.NET Momentum

The business world is characterized by rapid change, unexpected shifts, and relentless competition. In this environment, companies need the ability to adapt quickly to change, to use change as an advantage. Web service–based connectivity through .NET offers businesses a flexible, responsive IT architecture that empowers them to reach their potential.

Getting connected with .NET

.NET connects a broad range of personal and business technologies so that you can access and use important information, whenever and wherever it is needed to increase productivity..NET enables both new and existing applications and systems to connect with software and services across platforms and programming languages.

The result: an integrated, cost-effective IT architecture that empowers your business.

Information that once was isolated in back-end systems is now available to every employee.

What .NET Means for Business?

With .NET-connected software and services, businesses can realize improvements in the time and cost associated with developing and maintaining their business

applications, as well as benefiting from empowering employees with the ability to act on vital information anywhere, from any smart device.

• .NET will deliver best of breed integration for businesses.

• Exposing Web services increases potential reach and exposure, creating new business opportunities.

• .NET promises substantial savings in development costs, as well as creating new revenue streams, through the use of Web services.

Integration

Web services offer a direct means by which business processes can interact. Applications hosted internally, as well as on remote systems, can be stitched together, allowing businesses to program the Web—quickly and economically. Web services offer incredible value to organizations. They present the opportunity to bridge applications and information written in different programming languages and residing on differing platforms. Not only can companies more easily integrate internal applications, they can also access services offered by other businesses.

Four Ways .NET Can Improve Your Business:

.NET offers businesses the opportunity to increase operating profits, decrease costs, and connect with customers and employees. Here are four ways .NET can help your business today.

Lower Operating Costs

.NET-connected software can help bridge the communication gap among smaller partners who never adopted EDI(Electronic Data Interchange).NET-connected software is built on Web service standards, which enables both new and existing applications to connect with software and services across platforms, applications, and programming languages.

Drive More Sales

.NET connects sales professionals with the information they need and provides businesses with the opportunity to increase revenue and create new business opportunities.

Integrate Better with Customers

Increasing revenue can be a tough challenge for any company. Most businesses derive more revenue by finding more customers, providing better customer service, and selling more to existing customers..NET can help companies meet this challenge by enabling them to more easily integrate services and applications.

Lower IT Costs

.NET and the .NET Framework empower developers to quickly and easily create cutting-edge Web services and applications, building on their existing skill sets. Seamless deployment, in addition to the ability to use existing Web services, presents substantial savings opportunities, increases productivity, saving both time and money for the corporate IT department.

What .NET Means for IT Professionals?

.Net technologies offer information technologies professionals far-reaching benefits from accelerating and improving daily operations to providing advanced capabilities for deploying next-generation technologies. The .NET Framework is the programming model underlying .NET for developing, deploying, and running Web services and applications.

One of the most significant advantages of the .NET Framework is its level of interoperability with other language, applications, and systems.

.NET enables current modern software applications to communicate through standard Internet protocols such as XML and SOAP, creating a channel through which internal and remote systems can easily interact.

.NET reduces the guesswork of many IT management tasks by:

Helping to streamline deployment.

Enabling interoperability with diverse systems, including legacy systems.

Helping to enhance security.

Reliably connecting and supporting both stationary and mobile devices.

.NET and Computer Security

Security and privacy are a central part of creating and delivering compelling user experiences. .NET is built from the ground up with security in mind. Coupled with good operational practices by individuals and administrators, it provides the basis for a computing experience that helps users control their personal and business information.

Active Server Pages (ASP) V/S Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP)

ASP VS PHP

In the world of web development, the option of which development language to use usually comes down to two well-liked choices. Web applications, specifically these relying on back end databases, are naturally being created by either Microsoft's ASP.Net language, or the Open Source substitute language of PHP. Reasons why one might decide one over the other can include: The cost of development tools or accessibility of such tools, or even ones console level with the Open Source initiative. The aim of this article is to offer some point of view on reasons why one might choose one over the other.

Active Server Pages (ASP) has lengthy been a choice for making dynamic web content. ASP controls facilitate the aptitude to utilize databases such as Access / SQL/sql express presently to name a little, to make dynamic, feature well-off websites. The work going on at the rear the views in serving up the active content is being completed at the server level by the Active Server Pages source code. Microsoft has spent a big deal of time and resources support their .Net family of programming languages of which ASP.Net is a member. In order to build up with ASP.Net one must get the extremely costly.

Microsoft Visual Studio Programming Suite. While costly, Visual Studio is an asset to any programmer owing to its huge amount of features. As with every one of Microsoft's product, carry and update are continually made accessible for ASP.Net.

Shearable amount of feature that Microsoft's collections into Visual Studio, coupled by Microsoft's wide support create certainly make ASP.Net an attractive and fast solution for some corporation's web development wants, but the cost can be excessive, if not impossible to meet the expense for the entity web developer.

PHP which is in its fifth amendment now, is an Open basis web development language that too facilitates the making of feature rich, dynamic websites to can use databases. Being Open basis means basically that PHP isn't owned by anybody. Just as by Active Server Pages, the work going on at the back the scenes of serving up the dynamic web content is being completed by PHP on the server level. As with mainly Open Source products, the resources accessible to a PHP developer are at no cost of charge.

This makes PHP very attractive and fast to the independent web developer. There are a number of commercial qualitys development sets available as of companies like hurl, but present is also prosperity of free resources just a Google Search left. Since there is actually no corporate entity behind PHP, support and development on PHP is completed by the community of its users and developers themselves. Amazingly this does not appear to adversely affects the capability to discover support for PHP.

On the whole, ASP.Net and PHP are together excellent option, doing essentially the same functionality. Whether the decision comes down to the charge of initial investment, or the console level one has concerning Open Source or impressive else completely, the end result depends upon the mastery of either language is selected.

DOT NET FRAMEWORK

 .NET FRAMEWORK

The .NET Framework is Microsoft's proposal for building applications that have visually stunning user experiences, seamless and secure communication, and the ability to model a range of business processes. The .Net Framework consists of:

• Common Language Runtime (CLR) – provide an abstraction layer over the operating system
• Base Class Libraries – pre-built code for general low-level programming tasks
• Development frameworks and technology – reusable, customizable solutions for larger programming tasks

By providing you with a comprehensive and reliable programming model and a common set of APIs, the .NET Framework helps you to build applications that work the way you want, in the programming language you prefer, across software, services, and devices.

COMMON LANGUAGE RUNTIME (CLR)

The .NET Framework provide a run-time situation called the common language runtime, which runs the code and provides services that make the development process easier.

BASE CLASS LIBRARIES:

The Base Class Library (BCL) is a standard library available to all languages using the .NET Framework. .NET includes the BCL in order to encapsulate a large number of common functions, such as file reading and writing, graphic rendering, database interaction, and XML document manipulation, which makes the programmer's job easier. It is much larger in scope than standard libraries for most other languages, including C++, and would be comparable in scope to the standard libraries of Java. The BCL is sometime incorrectly referred to as the Framework Class Library (FCL), which is a superset including the Microsoft.* namespaces. FCL forms the main set with BCL acting as the subset.

Introduction

Object-Oriented Programming (OOPs) is software development paradigm that suggests developers

 to split a program in building blocks

 known as objects. The OOP paradigm allows developers to define the object's data, functions, and its relationship with other objects.

Microsoft created the .NET Framework using OOP, and knowing this concepts has helped me to understand the .NET Framework and to design and develop better software components. The purpose of this article is to describe the basic OOP concepts using real world scenarios and to provide some code samples that demonstrate how to work with OOP and .NET.

Class

The most common definition states that a class is a template for an object. Suppose that someone builds a paper pattern for a shirt. All the shirts done with the same paper pattern will be identical (same design, size, etc.). In this sample, the paper pattern is the class and the shirt is the object. To build the same exact shirt over and over, you need the paper pattern as a template. Another great example are house plans and blueprints. The plans and blueprints define the number of rooms, the size of the kitchen, the number of floors, and more. In this real world sample, the house plans and blueprints are the class and the house is the object. In OOP you program a class as a template for a specific object or groups ob objects that will always have the same features.

Class members

A class has different members, and developers in Microsoft suggest to program them in the following order:

• Namespace: The namespace is a keyword that defines a distinctive name or last name for the class. A namespace categorize and organize the library (assembly) where the class belongs and avoids collisions with classes that share the same name.
• Class declaration: Line of code where the class name and type are defined.
• Fields: Set of variables declared in a class block.
• Constants: Set of constants declared in a class block.
• Constructors: A method or group of methods that contains code to initialize the class.
• Properties: The set of descriptive data of an object.
• Events: Program responses that get fired after a user or application action.
• Methods: Set of functions of the class.
• Destructor: A method that is called when the class is destroyed. In managed code, the Garbage Collector is in charge of destroying objects; however, in some cases developers need to take extra actions when objects are being released, such as freeing handles or deal locating unmanaged objects. In .NET, there is no concept of deterministic destructors. The Garbage Collector is call the Finalize () method at a non-deterministic time while reclaiming memory for the application.